What is a condition characterized by hypopigmentation that affects the entire body?

The condition characterized by hypopigmentation that affects the entire body is albinism. Albinism is a genetic condition resulting in a deficiency or absence of melanin, the pigment responsible for coloring the skin, hair, and eyes. Individuals with albinism often exhibit very light skin and hair and may also experience vision problems due to the lack of pigment in the eyes.

This condition differs from others in the list, as vitiligo typically causes localized patches of skin to lose pigment but does not affect the entire body uniformly. Psoriasis is an autoimmune condition that causes thick, red, scaly patches on the skin, and eczema is an inflammatory condition that results in dry, itchy skin. Neither of these conditions is characterized by the widespread hypopigmentation that is the hallmark of albinism.