What is the main function of the sebaceous glands?

The primary role of the sebaceous glands is to produce sebum, an oily substance that plays a crucial part in maintaining skin health. Sebum acts as a natural lubricant, preventing the skin and hair from becoming dry and brittle. It helps to maintain the skin's moisture balance, offering a protective barrier that can shield the skin from external environmental factors such as bacteria and pollutants. Additionally, sebum contributes to the overall health of the skin by supporting the lipid barrier, which is essential for keeping the skin hydrated and nourished.

While other glands and cells in the skin are responsible for different functions, such as regulating temperature through sweat glands or producing melanin for pigmentation through melanocytes, the distinctive function of sebaceous glands focuses solely on the production of sebum for hydration and protection. This function is vital in preventing conditions such as acne, which can arise when the sebaceous glands are either overactive or blocked.