Which bacteria type is spiral-shaped and known to cause specific diseases?

The correct answer is the type of bacteria known as Spirilla. Spirilla are characterized by their spiral or corkscrew shape, which distinguishes them from other bacterial forms. These bacteria play a significant role in certain diseases, particularly those that are waterborne or sexually transmitted. An example is Treponema pallidum, which causes syphilis.

What makes Spirilla particularly noteworthy is their motility, as they are often able to move in a corkscrew motion, allowing them to navigate through viscous environments and potentially invade host tissues more effectively. This movement can contribute to their pathogenicity and ability to cause disease.

In contrast, Cocci are spherical-shaped bacteria, Bacilli are rod-shaped, and Vibrios are comma-shaped. Each of these shapes is associated with different types of bacteria, some of which can also cause diseases, but it is Spirilla that specifically fits the description of being spiral-shaped and known for causing certain illnesses.